1How lonely sits the city that was full of people! How like a widow has she become, she who was great among the nations! She who was a princess among the provinces has become a slave. (Ezr 4:20; Ec 2:8; Isa 31:8; Jer 7:34; Jer 15:8; La 5:16)2She weeps bitterly in the night, with tears on her cheeks; among all her lovers she has none to comfort her; all her friends have dealt treacherously with her; they have become her enemies. (Ps 6:6; Ec 4:1; Jer 9:1; Jer 13:17; Jer 22:22; Jer 30:14; La 1:9; La 1:16; La 1:19; La 1:21; Eze 23:22)3Judah has gone into exile because of affliction[1] and hard servitude; she dwells now among the nations, but finds no resting place; her pursuers have all overtaken her in the midst of her distress.[2] (De 28:64; Jer 45:3; Jer 52:27; La 2:9)4The roads to Zion mourn, for none come to the festival; all her gates are desolate; her priests groan; her virgins have been afflicted,[3] and she herself suffers bitterly. (Jer 14:2; La 1:8; La 1:11; La 1:21; La 2:6)5Her foes have become the head; her enemies prosper, because the Lord has afflicted her for the multitude of her transgressions; her children have gone away, captives before the foe. (De 28:13; De 28:44; 2Ch 36:17; 2Ch 36:20; Jer 12:1; Jer 13:21; Jer 30:14; Jer 52:28; La 1:12; La 3:33; Da 9:16)6From the daughter of Zion all her majesty has departed. Her princes have become like deer that find no pasture; they fled without strength before the pursuer. (Jer 14:6)7Jerusalem remembers in the days of her affliction and wandering all the precious things that were hers from days of old. When her people fell into the hand of the foe, and there was none to help her, her foes gloated over her; they mocked at her downfall. (Ps 119:51; Jer 46:26; La 1:10; La 2:17; Ob 1:12)8Jerusalem sinned grievously; therefore she became filthy; all who honored her despise her, for they have seen her nakedness; she herself groans and turns her face away. (La 1:4; La 1:21; Eze 16:37; Zec 13:1)9Her uncleanness was in her skirts; she took no thought of her future;[4] therefore her fall is terrible; she has no comforter. “O Lord, behold my affliction, for the enemy has triumphed!” (De 32:29; Isa 47:7; Jer 13:22; Jer 48:26; La 1:2)10The enemy has stretched out his hands over all her precious things; for she has seen the nations enter her sanctuary, those whom you forbade to enter your congregation. (De 23:3; Ne 13:1; Ps 79:1; Jer 51:51; La 1:7)11All her people groan as they search for bread; they trade their treasures for food to revive their strength. “Look, O Lord, and see, for I am despised.” (Jer 38:9; Jer 52:6; La 1:8; La 1:10; La 1:19; La 2:12; La 4:4)12“Is it nothing to you, all you who pass by? Look and see if there is any sorrow like my sorrow, which was brought upon me, which the Lord inflicted on the day of his fierce anger. (Job 21:29; Ps 80:12; Jer 12:13; La 1:5; Da 9:12)13“From on high he sent fire; into my bones[5] he made it descend; he spread a net for my feet; he turned me back; he has left me stunned, faint all the day long. (Ps 9:15; Ps 102:3; Jer 8:18; La 3:11; Eze 12:13; Eze 17:20)14“My transgressions were bound[6] into a yoke; by his hand they were fastened together; they were set upon my neck; he caused my strength to fail; the Lord gave me into the hands of those whom I cannot withstand. (De 28:48)15“The Lord rejected all my mighty men in my midst; he summoned an assembly against me to crush my young men; the Lord has trodden as in a winepress the virgin daughter of Judah. (Isa 63:2)16“For these things I weep; my eyes flow with tears; for a comforter is far from me, one to revive my spirit; my children are desolate, for the enemy has prevailed.” (Jer 13:17; La 1:2; La 1:11; La 1:21)17Zion stretches out her hands, but there is none to comfort her; the Lord has commanded against Jacob that his neighbors should be his foes; Jerusalem has become a filthy thing among them. (Isa 1:15; Jer 4:31; La 1:16)18“The Lord is in the right, for I have rebelled against his word; but hear, all you peoples, and see my suffering; my young women and my young men have gone into captivity. (De 28:41; 1Sa 12:14; Jer 12:1)19“I called to my lovers, but they deceived me; my priests and elders perished in the city, while they sought food to revive their strength. (La 1:2; La 1:11)20“Look, O Lord, for I am in distress; my stomach churns; my heart is wrung within me, because I have been very rebellious. In the street the sword bereaves; in the house it is like death. (De 32:25; Job 30:27; Isa 16:11; Jer 15:2; La 2:11; Eze 7:15)21“They heard[7] my groaning, yet there is no one to comfort me. All my enemies have heard of my trouble; they are glad that you have done it. You have brought[8] the day you announced; now let them be as I am. (Jer 50:11; La 1:2; La 1:4; La 1:8; La 1:11; La 1:16; La 4:21)22“Let all their evildoing come before you, and deal with them as you have dealt with me because of all my transgressions; for my groans are many, and my heart is faint.” (Ps 109:14; Jer 8:18; La 1:12; La 1:21; La 2:20)