2.Mose 1 | الكتاب المقدس

استعباد بني إسرائيل

1 وَهَذِهِ هِيَ أَسْمَاءُ أَبْنَاءِ إِسْرَائِيلَ الَّذِينَ قَدِمُوا مَعَ يَعْقُوبَ إِلَى مِصْرَ، كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَعَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ.

2 رَأُوبَيْنُ، وَشِمْعُونُ، وَلاوِي وَيَهُوذَا،

3 وَيَسَّاكَرُ وَزَبُولُونُ وَبَنْيَامِينُ،

4 وَدَانٌ وَنَفْتَالِي وَجَادٌ وَأَشِيرُ.

5 وَكَانَتْ جُمْلَةُ النُّفُوسِ الْمَوْلُودِينَ مِنْ صُلْبِ يَعْقُوبَ سَبْعِينَ نَفْساً. أَمَّا يُوسُفُ فَقَدْ كَانَ فِي مِصْرَ.

6 ثُمَّ مَاتَ يُوسُفُ وَإخْوَتُهُ جَمِيعاً وَكَذَلِكَ سَائِرُ ذَلِكَ الْجِيلِ.

7 وَنَمَا بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَتَوَالَدُوا وَتَكَاثَرُوا وَعَظُمُوا جِدّاً حَتَّى اكْتَظَّتْ بِهِمِ الأَرْضُ.

8 وَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ قَامَ مَلِكٌ جَدِيدٌ عَلَى مِصْرَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْرِفُ يُوسُفَ.

9 فَقَالَ لِشَعْبِهِ: «هَا بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ أَكْثَرُ مِنَّا وَأَعْظَمُ قُوَّةً.

10 فَلْنَتَآمَرْ عَلَيْهِمْ لِكَيْلا يَتَكَاثَرُوا وَيَنْضَمُّوا إِلَى أَعْدَائِنَا إِذَا نَشَبَ قِتَالٌ وَيُحَارِبُونَا ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُوا مِنَ الأَرْضِ».

11 فَعَهِدُوا بِهِمْ إِلَى مُشْرِفِينَ عُتَاةٍ لِيُسَخِّرُوهُمْ بِالأَعْمَالِ الشَّاقَةِ. فَبَنَوْا مَدِينَتَيْ فِيثُومَ وَرَعَمْسِيسَ لِتَكُونَا مَخَازِنَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ.

12 وَلَكِنْ كُلَّمَا زَادُوا مِنْ إذْلالِهِمْ، ازْدَادَ تَكَاثُرُهُمْ وَنُمُوُّهُمْ، فَتَخَوَّفُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ

13 فَتَزَايَدَ عُنْفُ اسْتِعْبَادِ الْمِصْرِيِّينَ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ.

14 وَأَتْعَسُوا حَيَاتَهُمْ بالأَعْمَالِ الشَّاقَةِ فِي الطِّينِ وَاللِّبْنِ كَادِحِينَ فِي الْحُقُولِ. وسَخَّرَهُمُ الْمِصْرِيُّونَ بِعُنْفٍ فِي كُلِّ أَعْمَالِهِمِ الشَّاقَةِ.

15 ثُمَّ قَالَ مَلِكُ مِصْرَ لِلْقَابِلَتَيْنِ الْعِبْرَانِيَّتَيْنِ الْمَدْعُوَّتَيْنِ شِفْرَةَ وَفُوعَةَ:

16 «عِنْدَمَا تُشْرِفَانِ عَلَى تَوْلِيدِ النِّسَاءِ الْعِبْرَانِيَّاتِ رَاقِبَاهُنَّ عَلَى كُرْسِيِّ الْوِلادَةِ، فَإنْ كَانَ الْمَوْلُودُ صَبِيًّا فَاقْتُلاهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ بِنْتاً فاتْرُكَاهَا تَحْيَا».

17 غَيْرَ أَنَّ الْقَابِلَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا تَخَافَانِ اللهَ فَلَمْ تُنَفِّذَا أَمْرَ الْمَلِكِ فاسْتَحْيَتَا الأَطْفَالَ الذُّكُورَ.

18 فَاسْتَدْعَى مَلِكُ مِصْرَ الْقَابِلَتَيْنِ وَسَأَلَهُمَا: «لِمَاذَا فَعَلْتُمَا هَذَا الأَمْرَ واسْتَحْيَيْتُمَا الأَطْفَالَ الذُّكُورَ؟»

19 فَأَجَابَتَاهُ: «إنَّ النِّسَاءَ الْعِبْرَانِيَّاتِ لَسْنَ كَالْمِصْرِيَّاتِ، فَإِنَّهُنَّ قَوِيَّاتٌ يَلِدْنَ قَبْلَ وُصُولِ الْقَابِلَةِ إِلَيْهِنَّ».

20 وَتَكَاثَرَ الشَّعْبُ وَعَظُمَ جِدّاً.

21 وَإِذْ خَافَتِ الْقَابِلَتَانِ اللهَ أَثَابَهُمَا بِنَسْلٍ.

22 ثُمَّ أَصْدَرَ فِرْعَوْنُ أَمْرَهُ لِجَمِيعِ شَعْبِهِ قَائِلاً: «اطْرَحُوا كُلَّ ابْنٍ (عِبْرَانِيٍّ) يُوْلَدُ فِي النَّهْرِ، أَمَّا الْبَنَاتُ فَاسْتَحْيُوهُنَّ».

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English Standard Version

Israel Increases Greatly in Egypt

1 These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt with Jacob, each with his household:

2 Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah,

3 Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin,

4 Dan and Naphtali, Gad and Asher.

5 All the descendants of Jacob were seventy persons; Joseph was already in Egypt.

6 Then Joseph died, and all his brothers and all that generation.

7 But the people of Israel were fruitful and increased greatly; they multiplied and grew exceedingly strong, so that the land was filled with them.

Pharaoh Oppresses Israel

8 Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.

9 And he said to his people, “Behold, the people of Israel are too many and too mighty for us.

10 Come, let us deal shrewdly with them, lest they multiply, and, if war breaks out, they join our enemies and fight against us and escape from the land.”

11 Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with heavy burdens. They built for Pharaoh store cities, Pithom and Raamses.

12 But the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and the more they spread abroad. And the Egyptians were in dread of the people of Israel.

13 So they ruthlessly made the people of Israel work as slaves

14 and made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and brick, and in all kinds of work in the field. In all their work they ruthlessly made them work as slaves.

15 Then the king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives, one of whom was named Shiphrah and the other Puah,

16 “When you serve as midwife to the Hebrew women and see them on the birthstool, if it is a son, you shall kill him, but if it is a daughter, she shall live.”

17 But the midwives feared God and did not do as the king of Egypt commanded them, but let the male children live.

18 So the king of Egypt called the midwives and said to them, “Why have you done this, and let the male children live?”

19 The midwives said to Pharaoh, “Because the Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women, for they are vigorous and give birth before the midwife comes to them.”

20 So God dealt well with the midwives. And the people multiplied and grew very strong.

21 And because the midwives feared God, he gave them families.

22 Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, “Every son that is born to the Hebrews* you shall cast into the Nile, but you shall let every daughter live.”

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